Posture. 1. An akimbo position, in which the palms rest on the hips with the elbows flexed outward, bowed away from the body. 2. Akimbo: "In or into a position in which the hands are on the hips and the elbows are bowed outward: children standing akimbo by the fence" (American Heritage Dictionary [Soukhanov 1992:40]).
Usage I: Hands-on-hips shows that the body is prepared to "take steps" a. to perform, b. to take part in, or c. to take charge of an event, activity, or work assignment. As a nonverbal cue, the posture shows that the body is poised to "step forward" (e.g., a. to carry out a superior's order, b. to discipline or threaten a subordinate, or c. to defend against those who "overstep their bounds").
Usage II: The outward-bowed elbows (in tandem with the upper-arms'
abducted position [i.e., held away from the torso]) widen,
expand, and visually "enlarge" the upper body, making it look more powerful in
size. "With tough dogs, I have learned protective tricks, such as holding my hands high on my waist and not making eye contact. Looking an aggressive dog in the eye is usually perceived as an act of war. . . (Wells 2009:44; see BROADSIDE DISPLAY).
Usage III: In variant
thumbs-forward form, hands-on-hips is made with hands in the supinated
(i.e., palm up) position of the shoulder-shrug display. This more "effeminate" posture is
less apt to signal aggressiveness than to telegraph uncertainty or
thoughtfulness. In standard thumbs-backward position, hands-on-hips is
made with hands in the more dominant pronated (i.e., palm
down) position of the high-stand display. Thus, the latter is a more
aggressive posture. (N.B.: In The Right Stuff, Tom Wolfe
wrote that jet pilots avoided using the feminine thumbs-forward posture
sometimes adopted by gay men.)
Origin. Hands-on-hips is an
antigravity sign derived from pronated
postures of the high-stand display. Resting the hands on the hips
"locks in" the expansiveness of the gesture, i.e., as a postural looming
sign.
Law enforcement. 1. "It's pretty hard to tell how
people may feel about us as we approach them in the field. Is this going to be a
run-of-the-mill check with no problems--or a confrontation? There is a gesture
[i.e., hands-on-hips] that people make, though, that helps answer this question.
It's produced unconsciously when people are irritated about something and it can
be seen from yards away if you're paying attention" (Baile 2000:8; see below,
E-Commentary). 2. When I was
interrogating a suspect, ". . . I saw he had one hand on his hip. He seemed to
want to confess by the presence of other nonverbal indicators and I thought I
was making headway. But the gesture was actually helping him not confess. I
finally realized what was going on--so I broke his stance by dropping my pen.
Shortly after he picked up my (conveniently) dropped pen, he confessed" (Baile
2000:8).
U.S. politics. Hands-on-hips has been analyzed as a
"classic sign of confidence" a. in the painting of George Washington
crossing the Delaware River, b. in Woodrow Wilson while lecturing at
Columbia University at the turn of the century, and c. in presidential
campaign media footage of Walter Mondale in 1984 (Blum 1988).
RESEARCH REPORTS: 1. Hands-on-hips was identified as a human "posture type" by anthropologist Gordon Hewes (1957). 2. The psychologist Albert Mehrabian later found that in standing communicators, "arms-akimbo" was used more with disliked than with liked partners (Mehrabian 1969). 3. "The arms-akimbo position is more likely when you are talking to a person you see as having a lower status than your own" (Knapp 1972:101). 4. Arms akimbo, a worldwide gesture, means "Keep away from me" (Morris 1994:4). 5. "This is an unconscious action we perform when we feel anti-social in a social setting. It is observed when sportsmen have just lost a vital point, game or contest" (Morris 1994:4). 6. Hands-on-hips is a Malaysian and Philippine sign of anger and seething rage (Morris 1994). 7. One- and two-handed, stylized versions of the akimbo posture are used by African American girls and women to show anger, disgust, and disagreement (from observations of the author).
Neuro-notes. As a locomotion posture, based on antigravity extension and pronation of the forelimbs, hands-on-hips forms as the limbic system instructs the basal ganglia to prepare our limbs for movement.
See also BOOT, GOOSE-STEP, REPTILIAN
BRAIN.
Copyright 1998 - 2016 (David B.
Givens/Center for Nonverbal Studies)